Effect of dietary bile acids supplementation on growth performance, feed utilization, intestinal digestive enzyme activity and fatty acid transporters gene expression in juvenile leopard coral grouper (Plectropomus leopardus)

This study aimed to evaluate the effects of dietary bile acids on growth performance, feed utilization, body composition, digestive enzyme activity, and related gene expression in juvenile leopard coral grouper ( Plectropomus leopardus ). Five diets with varying levels (0, 0.15, 0.3, 0.45 0.6%) were formulated each diet was fed triplicate groups 15 fish (13.14 ± 0.14 g) for ten weeks. Results showed that significant enhancement weight gain (WG) specific rate (SGR) observed 0.3% P < 0.05). Additionally, conversion ratio (FCR) significantly improved inclusion Higher intake also recorded groups, up-regulated hypothalamus neuropeptide Y (NPY) found group compared control Dietary (0.3%) decreased lipid deposition whole-body 0.05), lower hepatosomatic index (HSI) viscerosomatic (VSI) this group. Moreover, intestinal trypsin lipase activities increased 0.05) promote digestion. In addition, relative fatty acid binding protein 2 (FABP2) acids, suggesting an transport contrast, cholesterol genes NPC1 like intracellular transporter 1 (NPC1L1) CD36 notably down-regulated as provides valuable information formulation trout indicates could potentially be used improve performance utilization.